Horseshoe Kidney Vertebral Level. In this disorder the patient s kidneys fuse together to form a horseshoe shape during development in the womb the fused part is the isthmus of the horseshoe kidney. Horseshoe kidneys are identified as having functioning renal masses present on both sides of the vertebral column fused together with ureters that remain uncrossed from the renal hilum to the urinary bladder.
Horseshoe kidney is relatively common 1 400 to 1 2000 with a 2 1 male predominance. They typically extend from t12 to l3 although the right kidney is often situated slightly lower due to the presence of the liver each kidney is approximately three vertebrae in length. The adrenal glands sit immediately superior to the kidneys within a separate.
67 the fusion is typically at the lower poles but can vary greatly in the quantity of fused parenchyma.
The adrenal glands sit immediately superior to the kidneys within a separate. Horseshoe kidney is the most frequent abnormality of renal fusion and can be complicated by urinary stasis resulting in infection and. In addition the incidence of duplicated collecting system is about 0 8. This is the most common type of fusion anomaly in the kidneys.